The endocrine system, which produces and regulates hormones that regulate bodily functions, can be greatly affected by belly fat, particularly visceral fat.
Visceral fat storage is significantly linked to insulin resistance, which reduces cell response to insulin. Insulin resistance affects glucose metabolism and raises blood glucose levels, forcing the pancreas to generate more insulin.
The pancreas may overwork and stop producing insulin, causing hyperglycemia and type 2 diabetes. Central obesity and insulin resistance describe metabolic syndrome, a cluster of risk factors for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.
The buildup of belly fat is linked to dyslipidemia, which is defined by abnormal blood lipid levels. Excess visceral fat releases free fatty acids into the bloodstream, raising triglycerides and "bad" LDL cholesterol.
Adipokine Secretion: Adipose tissue, particularly visceral fat, releases bioactive adipokines. These adipokines include pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF-alpha and IL-6 and adipocyte-derived hormones like leptin and adiponectin.
Leptin Resistance: Adipocytes produce leptin, which signals satiety to the brain to regulate energy balance and hunger. However, obesity generally causes leptin resistance, which makes the brain less sensitive to leptin signals, causing hunger and overeating.
Belly fat is linked to estrogen and testosterone imbalances. Adipose tissue synthesizes estrogen, and extra visceral fat can boost estrogen production in postmenopausal women.
Maintaining hormonal balance and general health requires managing belly fat through lifestyle changes like regular exercise, a balanced diet, stress management, and weight loss.
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